???? 據烴加工網站3月30日報道 在美國汽油銷量首次大幅下滑一周年之際，美國的汽油銷量首次進入正增長區間，這主要由COVID引發的國內訂單所導致。然而，根據IHS Markit 提供的石油價格信息服務（OPIS）的最新數據，需求仍然遠遠落后于新冠疫情前的水平。

????根據OPIS Demand的每周調查，截至2021年3月20日的一周內，美國同店汽油銷量（加侖）比2020年高出10.1%。OPIS Demand是一項對全國25000多個加油站的調查。盡管如此，同店汽油銷量仍比新冠疫情前的水平低16%。

????IHS Markit的OPIS零售燃料執行董事Brian Norris表示：”從2020年3月起，燃料需求的同比增長對于經濟復蘇和美國人民開始恢復正常生活來說無疑是一個令人歡迎的消息，但真正的復蘇措施將是恢復到疫情前的水平。目前進展仍然緩慢，從汽油來看，我們還有很長的路要走。”

????在截至2021年3月20日的那一周之前，自2021年初以來，汽油量大多徘徊在比上年水平低15-18%的范圍內。主要的例外是截至2月20日的一周，由于冬季風暴的影響，同比下降了22.4%。

????截至3月20日當周，汽油零售量與上年同期相比出現正增長，這并不是因為需求大幅增加，而是更多地反映了去年同期加油站出現的大幅下滑。截至2020年3月21日的一周，美國汽油銷量落后2019年的水平23.6%，這是美國汽油周銷量連續四周暴跌至上世紀70年代初尼克松政府執政以來最高水平的第一周，在截至4月11日的一周，銷量落后上一年的水平47.5%。

????目前反彈的程度因地區而異。西南地區的銷售量超過了2020年的15%。與此同時，美國東南部地區僅以8.6%的速度超過了2020年的水平，這主要是由于東南部的許多州沒有像去年美國其他地區那樣迅速采取行動，實施強制性的家庭訂單。

????從國家層面的數據來看，汽油需求復蘇的地區差異也很明顯。由于西海岸主要是美國COVID-19大流行的早期中心，加利福尼亞州的加侖銷售量出現了一些最早的下降。與去年相比，加州的汽油銷量增長了14.6%，但同一家店的銷量仍落后于2019年同期的22.7%。另一方面，佛羅里達州沒有那么快頒布檢疫規定，數據描繪了一幅截然不同的需求圖景。與去年相比，佛羅里達州的燃料零售商增長了6.4%，增幅要小得多，但僅比兩年前的需求水平低了11.2%。

????王磊 摘譯自 烴加工

????原文如下：

????U.S. gasoline demand exceeds 2020 levels for first time

????Year-on-year gasoline sales in the United States have moved into positive territory for the first time—on the one-year anniversary of the first major declines that resulted from COVID-induced stay at home orders. However, demand still trails pre-pandemic levels by a considerable margin, according to the latest data from Oil Price Information Service (OPIS) by IHS Markit (NYSE: INFO).

????U.S. gasoline same-store sales in gallons for the week ending March 20, 2021 were 10.1% higher than 2020, according to OPIS Demand, a weekly survey of more than 25,000 fuel stations nationwide.* Nevertheless, same-store gasoline sales were still 16% below pre-pandemic levels.

????“The year-on-year increase in fuel demand from March 2020 is certainly welcome news for the recovery of the economy and the beginning of the return to normal life for the American people,” said Brian Norris, executive director of retail fuels, OPIS by IHS Markit. “But the real measure of recovery will be a return to pre-pandemic levels. It’s there that progress remains slow and, looking at gasoline, we still have a long way to go.”

????Prior to the week ending March 20, 2021, gasoline volumes had mostly hovered in the range of 15% to 18% below prior-year levels since the start of 2021. The main exception was the week ending February 20, which saw a year-on-year decline of 22.4% due to impacts from Winter Storm Uri.

????Retail gasoline sales volumes moving into positive territory compared to prior-year numbers for the week ending March 20 are not due to a major increase in demand but more reflect the massive declines that were seen at the pump during the same period last year. The week ending March 21, 2020 saw volumes trail 2019 levels by 23.6%, the first week in a four-week stretch that saw weekly U.S. gasoline sales volumes plummet to levels not seen since the Nixon Administration was in office in the early 1970s, culminating with volumes 47.5% behind prior-year levels the week ending April 11.

????The extent of the current rebound varies by region. The Southwest region surpassed 2020 volumes by 15%. Meanwhile, the Southeastern part of the United States surpassed 2020 levels by only 8.6%, largely due to many states in the Southeast not moving as quickly to mandated stay at home orders as the rest of the country did last year.

????The regional disparity in gasoline demand recovery is also apparent when looking at state-level data. California saw some of the earliest declines in gallons sold due to the west coast largely being the early epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Compared to last year, gasoline sales are up 14.6% in California, however volumes still trail same-week 2019 by 22.7% on a same-store basis. Florida, on the other hand, was not as quick to enact quarantine mandates, and the data paints a very different demand picture. Fuel retailers in Florida saw a much-smaller 6.4% increase versus last year, but only trail demand levels from two years ago by 11.2%.