據(jù)安迅思4月14日消息稱，美國的大規(guī)模基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施現(xiàn)代化計劃包括數(shù)千億美元，用于促進電動汽車、可再生能源和先進清潔能源技術(shù)的市場，同時取消對化石燃料的補貼。

　　這使得價值2萬億美元的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)藍圖成為政府迄今為止在實現(xiàn)美國經(jīng)濟到2050年脫碳和恢復(fù)美國在應(yīng)對全球變暖問題上的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位方面邁出的最大一步。據(jù)投資公司Raymond James估計，雖然該計劃的大部分是針對重建道路和橋梁等傳統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的目標，但約有三分之一(即628億美元)與氣候有關(guān)。

　　這項提案在成為現(xiàn)實之前還必須經(jīng)過國會的辯論和批準，它受到了可再生能源行業(yè)和一些環(huán)保人士的歡呼，同時也受到了石油和天然氣鉆探者的批評。太陽能工業(yè)協(xié)會首席執(zhí)行官Abigail Ross Hopper在一份聲明中說：“拜登總統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施提案是實現(xiàn)我們集體清潔能源目標的重要一步。”

　　美國可再生能源委員會表示，該計劃“將使清潔能源部門擺脫無休止的臨時性激勵措施。” 代表美國最大的石油和天然氣公司的美國石油協(xié)會表示，該計劃將“破壞美國的經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇，危及高薪工作。”

　　在與氣候有關(guān)的最大規(guī)定中，該計劃包括投資1740億美元，通過刺激國內(nèi)供應(yīng)鏈和給予消費者購買電動汽車回扣來“贏得電動汽車市場”。這也為風(fēng)能和太陽能項目開發(fā)商帶來了一個關(guān)鍵的勝利，他們提議將該行業(yè)的關(guān)鍵稅收抵免延長10年，遠比過去享受補貼的時間長。相比之下，它將取消對化石燃料生產(chǎn)商的數(shù)十億美元補貼，主要是以稅收減免的形式。

　　朱佳妮 摘譯自 安迅思

　　原文如下：

　　USA plans to invest in the market of advanced green energy technologies

　　U.S.’s vast plan to modernize the nation’s infrastructure includes hundreds of billions of dollars to boost the market for electric vehicles, renewable power and advanced clean energy technologies, while stripping away subsidies for fossil fuels.

　　That makes the USD2 trillion infrastructure blueprint one of the administration’s biggest steps to date in achieving its agenda to decarbonize the U.S. economy by 2050 and restore the nation’s leadership in addressing global warming. While much of the package is aimed at traditional infrastructure goals like rebuilding roads and bridges, about a third, or USD628 billion, is linked to climate, according to an estimate by investment firm Raymond James.

　　The proposals, which must still be debated and approved by Congress before becoming reality, drew cheers from the renewable energy industry and some environmentalists, along with criticism oil and gas drillers. “President Biden’s infrastructure proposal is a significant step in meeting our collective clean energy goals,” Solar Energy Industries Association Chief Executive Abigail Ross Hopper said in a statement.

　　The American Council on Renewable Energy said the plan “will move the clean energy sector beyond the endless cycles of temporary stopgap incentives.” The American Petroleum Institute, which represents the country’s biggest oil and gas companies, said the plan would “undermine the nation’s economic recovery and jeopardize good-paying jobs."

　　Among the biggest climate-related provisions, the plan includes USD174 billion in investment to “win the EV market” by spurring domestic supply chains and giving consumers rebates to buy electric cars. It also delivers a key win for wind and solar project developers with a proposal to extend the industry’s key tax credits by a decade, far longer than the timelines the subsidies have enjoyed in the past. By contrast, it would strip away billions of dollars’ worth of subsidies available to fossil fuels producers, mainly in the form of tax breaks.

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