丹麥風能公司維斯塔斯今年9月宣布，它將建造一個陸上風力渦輪機塔，輪轂高度為199米  

巨大的風力渦輪機塔結構有望幫助維斯塔斯獲得更強大、更恒定的風力發電，以增加渦輪機的發電量

雖然維斯塔斯目前處于全球領先地位，但其他能源公司可能很快就會趕上來

據油價網10月8日報道，似乎每年可再生能源公司都在尋求生產比以往更大、更創新的風力渦輪機。由于政府和私營企業向可再生能源的研發投入大量資金，可再生能源的運營正變得更加高效、成本更低、更容易擴大規模。隨著丹麥維斯塔斯再次宣布其有史以來最高的風力渦輪機計劃，這將對風能行業的未來意味著什么? 

各家能源公司都在競相制造最具創新性的可再生能源設備，無論是續航里程最長的電動汽車、功率最大的太陽能光伏發電設備，還是最高的風力渦輪機。隨著世界各國政府向支持從化石燃料向綠色能源轉型的能源公司提供激勵措施，全球競爭從未如此激烈。 

丹麥風能公司維斯塔斯在今年9月份宣布，它將建造一個輪轂高度為199米的陸上風力渦輪機塔。該塔將與V172-7.2兆瓦渦輪模型一起使用。維斯塔斯表示，這是“目前世界上最高的陸上風力渦輪機塔”。維斯塔斯正與德國公司Max B?gl就該項目展開合作，并計劃在德國和奧地利設立辦事處。 

這個巨大的風力渦輪機塔結構有望幫助維斯塔斯獲得更強大、更恒定的風力發電，以增加渦輪機的發電量。維斯塔斯表示：“特別是中歐的項目，其可用規劃空間通常受到限制，這對最大化綠色電力的生產作出了重要貢獻。”這個世界最高的陸上風力渦輪機塔計劃在2025年開始運營。  

風力渦輪機的塔架對其結構非常重要。機艙和葉片位于塔架的頂部，輪轂高度從地面測量到渦輪機轉子的中部。美國能源部(DoE)日前強調了近幾年來全球渦輪機高度的顯著增長，自1999年以來，陸上風力渦輪機輪轂高度增加了66%，到2021年達到94米。這表明，僅在今年，風能技術就已經取得了長足的進步，維斯塔斯的這個雄心勃勃的項目標志著一個巨大的進展。

然而，其他基礎設施也必須隨著可再生能源運營的進展而發展。例如，港口、高速公路和船舶必須適應巨大的風力發電結構，特別是當我們進入一個“超大型”渦輪機的時代時。 

雖然維斯塔斯目前處于全球領先地位，但其他能源公司可能很快就會趕上來。考慮到2017年最高發電能力的海上渦輪機為8兆瓦，這是一個重大壯舉。  

與此同時，今年早些時候，德國可再生能源公司西門子歌美颯表示將向英國Moray West海上風電場交付60臺SG 14-222 DD海上風力渦輪機。每臺風力渦輪機的發電能力為14.7兆瓦，并配備了額外的PowerBoost功能以提高性能。西門子將在其位于英格蘭東北部的赫爾工廠生產180臺B108 IntegralBlades海上風力渦輪機，每臺高108米。

在美國，其風能產業正在追趕歐洲和亞洲的競爭對手。通用電氣可再生能源公司發布了其Haliade-X海上渦輪機，輪轂高度260米，葉片長107米。通用電氣上個月在與西門子歌美颯的官司中敗訴，受到了打擊。波士頓的一名聯邦法官裁定，由于專利侵權，通用電氣不能再在美國生產、使用、銷售、進口或安裝Haliade-X渦輪機。 

通用電氣被認為侵犯了西門子歌美颯的413專利。法官認為，如果通用電氣不被禁止侵犯該專利，西門子歌美颯將遭受“無法彌補的傷害”。通用電氣的兩個項目被排除在裁決之外——馬薩諸塞州的804兆瓦的葡萄園風1號項目和新澤西州的1.1兆瓦的海洋風1號項目——通用電氣將向西門子歌美颯支付每兆瓦額定容量3萬美元的特許權使用費。

但隨著白宮宣布到2035年海上浮式風力發電能力達到15吉瓦的目標，美國風力渦輪機制造商之間開發創新新設備的競爭可能會繼續下去。白宮的一份聲明概述道：“政府正在發起協調行動，開發新的海上浮式風力平臺，這是一種新興的清潔能源技術，將幫助美國在海上風力發電方面領先。”

由于風能公司年復一年地推出新的和改進的渦輪機，20兆瓦的競爭沒有任何放緩的跡象。尚不確定規模或其他設備創新是否會在生產最多風力發電的戰斗中獲勝，但風電行業持續的投資意味著，獲勝者可能近在眼前。 

李峻 編譯自 油價網

原文如下：

Danish Company To Build World’s Tallest onshore Wind Turbine

·     Vestas, a Danish wind energy firm, announced in September that it would be establishing an onshore wind turbine tower with a hub height measuring 199 meters.

·     The giant structure is expected to help Vestas access stronger and more constant wind power, to increase the turbine’s electricity production.

·     While Vestas is out ahead at the moment, it may not be long until other energy companies catch up.

Every year it seems that renewable energy companies are looking to produce bigger, more innovative wind turbines than ever before. As governments and private firms pump funding into research and development in renewable energy, operations are becoming more efficient, lower cost, and easier to scale. With Danish firm Vestas once again announcing plans for its tallest-ever wind turbine, what will this mean for the future of the wind energy sector?

Companies are battling it out to create the most innovative renewable energy equipment, whether that be the longest-range EV, the most powerful solar PV, or the tallest wind turbine. With governments around the world offering incentives to energy firms supporting the transition from fossil fuels to green energy sources, the competition has never been stronger. 

Vestas, a Danish wind energy firm, announced in September that it would be establishing an onshore wind turbine tower with a hub height measuring 199 meters. The tower will be used with the V172-7.2MW turbine model. The firm said it is “currently the world’s tallest onshore tower for wind turbines.” Vestas is working hand in hand with German company Max B?gl on the project and plans to establish locations in Germany and Austria. 

The giant structure is expected to help Vestas access stronger and more constant wind power, to increase the turbine’s electricity production. The firm stated, “Especially for projects in Central Europe that are generally constrained in available planning space, this makes an important contribution to maximising the production of green electricity.” It plans to commence operations in 2025. 

The tower of a wind turbine is highly important to its structure, The nacelle and blades rest on top of the tower, with the hub height being measured from the ground to the middle of the turbine’s rotor. The U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) highlighted the significant growth in turbine height in recent years, with onshore hub height increasing by 66 percent since 1999, to 94 metres in 2021. This shows how far wind energy technology has come just this year, with Vestas’s highly ambitious project marking a huge development. 

However, other infrastructure will also have to be developed in line with progress in renewable energy operations. For example, ports, highways, and ships must be adapted to cope with the giant wind structures, particularly if we’re moving to an era of ‘super-sized’ turbines.

While Vestas is out ahead at the moment, it may not be long until other energy companies catch up.This is a significant feat considering that in 2017 the highest-capacity offshore turbine was 8 MW. 

Meanwhile, earlier this year, Siemens Gamesa said it would be delivering sixty SG 14-222 DD offshore wind turbines to the Moray West offshore wind farm in the UK. The wind turbines have a capacity of 14.7 MW eachand are armed with an additional PowerBoost feature to improve performance. Siemens will be producing 180 B108 IntegralBlades, each measuring 108 metres, in its Hull factory in northeast England.

In the U.S., its wind energy industry is catching up to the European and Asian competition. General Electric (GE) Renewable Energy has released its Haliade-X offshore turbine, with a 260-metre hub height and 107-metre blades. Although GE took a hit last month when it lost a court case against Siemens Gamesa. A U.S. federal judge in Boston ruled that GE could no longer make, use, offer for sale, import, or install the Haliade-X turbines in the U.S. due to patent infringement. 

GE was deemed to have infringed Siemens Gamesa’s ’413 patent. The judge believed that Siemens would suffer “irreparable injury if GE is not enjoined from infringing” the patent. Two GE projects were except from the ruling – the 804 MW Vineyard Wind 1 off Massachusetts and the 1.1 GW Ocean Wind 1 off New Jersey – where GE will be expected to pay Siemens royalties of $30,000 per megawatt of rated capacity for each of the 62 Haliade-X wind turbines installed.

But as the White House announces a target of 15 gigawatts of floating offshore wind capacity by 2035, competition amongst U.S. wind turbine manufacturers to develop innovative new equipment is likely to continue. A statement from the White House outlined, “The Administration is launching coordinated actions to develop new floating offshore wind platforms, an emerging clean energy technology that will help the United States lead on offshore wind.”

As wind energy companies are releasing new and improved turbines year after year, there is no sign of slowing in sight in the race to 20 MW. It is not certain whether size or other equipment innovations will win in the battle to produce the most wind power, but ongoing investment in the sector means the winner is likely not far away.